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Aidbox Forms: Populate & Extract

How to create smart forms that may be prefilled with existing data, may update or create new resources

10 cells · updated Jun 27, 2024

Run in Aidbox
This is a read-only view. Responses shown were saved when the notebook was published — open it in your own Aidbox to run the cells against live data.

Introduction

Aidbox Forms let you populate forms with previous measurements or already existing data. Also, you can update existing data and save new measurements.

Populate

Aidbox forms supports two ways of populating questionnaire:

Extraction

Aidbox forms suppotrs two-ways of extraction captured date to FHIR resources

In this tutorial we will create some resources to demonstrate how population works and how extract can be used to create and update resources.

1. Prepare data

Let's create Patient, Observations and AllergyIntolerance

REST Send Cells run only inside Aidbox. Use Run in Aidbox above to open this notebook in your own instance. 
POST /
Content-type: application/yaml

resourceType: Bundle
type: transaction
entry:
- resource:
    resourceType: Patient
    id: john
    name:
    - given:
      - John
      family: Doe
    birthDate: '1968-09-11'
  request:
    method: POST
    url: /Patient
- resource:
    value:
      Quantity:
        unit: kg
        value: 105
    resourceType: Observation
    status: final
    effective:
      dateTime: '2024-06-27T11:10:14.475Z'
    code:
      coding:
      - code: 29463-7
        system: http://loinc.org
        display: Body weight
    subject:
      id: john
      resourceType: Patient
  request:
    method: POST
    url: /Observation
- resource:
    value:
      Quantity:
        unit: m
        value: 1.78
    resourceType: Observation
    status: final
    effective:
      dateTime: '2024-06-27T11:10:14.475Z'
    code:
      coding:
      - code: 8302-2
        system: http://loinc.org
        display: Body height
    subject:
      id: john
      resourceType: Patient
  request:
    method: POST
    url: /Observation
- resource:
    patient:
      id: john
      resourceType: Patient
    category:
    - food
    clinicalStatus:
      coding:
      - code: active
        system: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/allergyintolerance-clinical
        display: Active
    resourceType: AllergyIntolerance
  request:
    method: POST
    url: /AllergyIntolerance
Response: Body
Status: 200 
type: transaction-response
resourceType: Bundle
entry:
- resource:
    name:
    - given: [John]
      family: Doe
    birthDate: '1968-09-11'
    id: john
    resourceType: Patient
    meta: {lastUpdated: '2024-06-27T11:28:07.857560Z', createdAt: '2024-06-27T11:28:07.857560Z', versionId: '181'}
  response: {etag: '181', location: /Patient/john/_history/181, status: '201', lastModified: '2024-06-27T11:28:07.857560Z'}
- resource:
    code:
      coding:
      - {code: 29463-7, system: 'http://loinc.org', display: Body weight}
    value:
      Quantity: {unit: kg, value: 105}
    status: final
    subject: {id: john, resourceType: Patient}
    effective: {dateTime: '2024-06-27T11:10:14.475Z'}
    id: b62c62c1-c10f-4b05-9fc2-d30f05812b35
    resourceType: Observation
    meta: {lastUpdated: '2024-06-27T11:28:07.857560Z', createdAt: '2024-06-27T11:28:07.857560Z', versionId: '182'}
  response: {etag: '182', location: /Observation/b62c62c1-c10f-4b05-9fc2-d30f05812b35/_history/182, status: '201', lastModified: '2024-06-27T11:28:07.857560Z'}
- resource:
    code:
      coding:
      - {code: 8302-2, system: 'http://loinc.org', display: Body height}
    value:
      Quantity: {unit: m, value: 1.78}
    status: final
    subject: {id: john, resourceType: Patient}
    effective: {dateTime: '2024-06-27T11:10:14.475Z'}
    id: 2db90741-7cb6-4f50-8e9f-571adcfa7935
    resourceType: Observation
    meta: {lastUpdated: '2024-06-27T11:28:07.857560Z', createdAt: '2024-06-27T11:28:07.857560Z', versionId: '183'}
  response: {etag: '183', location: /Observation/2db90741-7cb6-4f50-8e9f-571adcfa7935/_history/183, status: '201', lastModified: '2024-06-27T11:28:07.857560Z'}
- resource:
    patient: {id: john, resourceType: Patient}
    category: [food]
    clinicalStatus:
      coding:
      - {code: active, system: 'http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/allergyintolerance-clinical', display: Active}
    id: f6a8ef20-735b-47eb-b8dc-b5cefc1db676
    resourceType: AllergyIntolerance
    meta: {lastUpdated: '2024-06-27T11:28:07.857560Z', createdAt: '2024-06-27T11:28:07.857560Z', versionId: '184'}
  response: {etag: '184', location: /AllergyIntolerance/f6a8ef20-735b-47eb-b8dc-b5cefc1db676/_history/184, status: '201', lastModified: '2024-06-27T11:28:07.857560Z'}
id: '185'

2. Create Questionnaire

This Questionnaire contains 3 sections:

  • General Patient Info

    This section will be populated from Patient resource and will update Patient on extract

  • Height & Weight

    This section uses Observation-based approach to populate items and extract

  • Allergies

    This section uses Expression-based approach to populate AllergyIntolerance resources and Definition-based approach to update existing allergies and add new

REST Send Cells run only inside Aidbox. Use Run in Aidbox above to open this notebook in your own instance. 
POST /Questionnaire
Content-type: application/yaml

url: http://forms.aidbox.io/questionnaire/patient-test-form
item:
- item:
  - text: Given
    type: string
    linkId: given
    extension:
    - url: http://aidbox.io/questionnaire-itemColumnSize
      value:
        integer: 4
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-initialExpression
      value:
        Expression:
          language: text/fhirpath
          expression: '%patient.name.given'
    definition: Patient.name.given
  - text: Family
    type: string
    linkId: 9FwYzNVk
    extension:
    - url: http://aidbox.io/questionnaire-itemColumnSize
      value:
        integer: 4
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-initialExpression
      value:
        Expression:
          language: text/fhirpath
          expression: '%patient.name.family'
    definition: Patient.name.family
  - text: Date
    type: date
    linkId: birthDate
    extension:
    - url: http://aidbox.io/questionnaire-itemColumnSize
      value:
        integer: 4
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-initialExpression
      value:
        Expression:
          language: text/fhirpath
          expression: '%patient.birthDate'
    definition: Patient.birthDate
  text: General
  type: group
  linkId: general
  extension:
  - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-itemPopulationContext
    value:
      Expression:
        name: patient
        language: application/x-fhir-query
        expression: /Patient/{{%subject.id}}
  - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-itemExtractionContext
    value:
      Expression:
        language: application/x-fhir-query
        expression: /Patient/{{%resource.subject.id}}
- item:
  - code:
    - code: 8302-2
      system: http://loinc.org
      display: Body height
    text: Height
    type: quantity
    linkId: height
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-unitOption
      value:
        Coding:
          display: m
    - url: http://aidbox.io/questionnaire-itemColumnSize
      value:
        integer: 4
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-observationExtract
      value:
        boolean: true
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-observationLinkPeriod
      value:
        Duration:
          code: a
          value: 1
          system: ucum
  - code:
    - code: 29463-7
      system: http://loinc.org
      display: Body height
    text: Weight
    type: quantity
    linkId: weight
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-unitOption
      value:
        Coding:
          display: kg
    - url: http://aidbox.io/questionnaire-itemColumnSize
      value:
        integer: 4
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-observationLinkPeriod
      value:
        Duration:
          code: a
          value: 1
          system: ucum
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-observationExtract
      value:
        boolean: true
  - code:
    - code: 39156-5
      system: http://loinc.org
      display: Body height
    text: BMI
    type: decimal
    linkId: bmi
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-calculatedExpression
      value:
        Expression:
          language: text/fhirpath
          expression: "%resource.repeat(item).where(linkId='weight').answer.value.value / \n%resource.repeat(item).where(linkId='height').answer.value.value.power(2)"
    - url: http://aidbox.io/questionnaire-itemColumnSize
      value:
        integer: 4
  text: Height & Weight
  type: group
  linkId: hZsHDBA2
- item:
  - text: (id)
    type: string
    linkId: id
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-initialExpression
      value:
        Expression:
          language: text/fhirpath
          expression: '%allergies.id'
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-hidden
      value:
        boolean: true
    definition: AllergyIntolerance.id
  - text: (pt. reference)
    type: reference
    linkId: reference
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-hidden
      value:
        boolean: true
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-referenceResource
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-calculatedExpression
      value:
        Expression:
          language: text/fhirpath
          expression: '%resource.subject'
    definition: AllergyIntolerance.patient
  - text: Status
    type: choice
    linkId: FmqK7esk
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-initialExpression
      value:
        Expression:
          language: text/fhirpath
          expression: '%allergies.clinicalStatus.coding.first()'
    definition: AllergyIntolerance.clinicalStatus.coding
    answerOption:
    - value:
        Coding:
          code: active
          system: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/allergyintolerance-clinical
          display: Active
    - value:
        Coding:
          code: inactive
          system: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/allergyintolerance-clinical
          display: Inactive
    - value:
        Coding:
          code: resolved
          system: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/allergyintolerance-clinical
          display: Resolved
  - text: Category
    type: choice
    linkId: RZsAnKZH
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-initialExpression
      value:
        Expression:
          language: text/fhirpath
          expression: '%qitem.answerOption.valueCoding.where(code=%allergies.category)'
    definition: AllergyIntolerance.category
    answerOption:
    - value:
        Coding:
          code: food
          system: http://hl7.org/fhir/allergy-intolerance-category
          display: Food
    - value:
        Coding:
          code: medication
          system: http://hl7.org/fhir/allergy-intolerance-category
          display: Medication
    - value:
        Coding:
          code: environment
          system: http://hl7.org/fhir/allergy-intolerance-category
          display: Environment
    - value:
        Coding:
          code: biologic
          system: http://hl7.org/fhir/allergy-intolerance-category
          display: Biologic
  text: Allergies
  type: group
  linkId: allergies
  repeats: true
  extension:
  - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-itemControl
    value:
      CodeableConcept:
        coding:
        - code: gtable
  - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-itemPopulationContext
    value:
      Expression:
        name: allergies
        language: application/x-fhir-query
        expression: /AllergyIntolerance?.patient.id={{%subject.id}}
  - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-itemExtractionContext
    value:
      Expression:
        language: application/x-fhir-query
        expression: /AllergyIntolerance?.patient.id={{%resource.subject.id}}
title: Patient Info
id: patient-info
status: draft
resourceType: Questionnaire
Response: Body
Status: 201 
url: http://forms.aidbox.io/questionnaire/patient-test-form
item:
- item:
  - text: Given
    type: string
    linkId: given
    extension:
    - url: http://aidbox.io/questionnaire-itemColumnSize
      value: {integer: 4}
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-initialExpression
      value:
        Expression: {language: text/fhirpath, expression: '%patient.name.given'}
    definition: Patient.name.given
  - text: Family
    type: string
    linkId: 9FwYzNVk
    extension:
    - url: http://aidbox.io/questionnaire-itemColumnSize
      value: {integer: 4}
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-initialExpression
      value:
        Expression: {language: text/fhirpath, expression: '%patient.name.family'}
    definition: Patient.name.family
  - text: Date
    type: date
    linkId: birthDate
    extension:
    - url: http://aidbox.io/questionnaire-itemColumnSize
      value: {integer: 4}
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-initialExpression
      value:
        Expression: {language: text/fhirpath, expression: '%patient.birthDate'}
    definition: Patient.birthDate
  text: General
  type: group
  linkId: general
  extension:
  - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-itemPopulationContext
    value:
      Expression: {name: patient, language: application/x-fhir-query, expression: '/Patient/{{%subject.id}}'}
  - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-itemExtractionContext
    value:
      Expression: {language: application/x-fhir-query, expression: '/Patient/{{%resource.subject.id}}'}
- item:
  - code:
    - {code: 8302-2, system: 'http://loinc.org', display: Body height}
    text: Height
    type: quantity
    linkId: height
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-unitOption
      value:
        Coding: {display: m}
    - url: http://aidbox.io/questionnaire-itemColumnSize
      value: {integer: 4}
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-observationExtract
      value: {boolean: true}
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-observationLinkPeriod
      value:
        Duration: {code: a, value: 1, system: ucum}
  - code:
    - {code: 29463-7, system: 'http://loinc.org', display: Body height}
    text: Weight
    type: quantity
    linkId: weight
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-unitOption
      value:
        Coding: {display: kg}
    - url: http://aidbox.io/questionnaire-itemColumnSize
      value: {integer: 4}
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-observationLinkPeriod
      value:
        Duration: {code: a, value: 1, system: ucum}
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-observationExtract
      value: {boolean: true}
  - code:
    - {code: 39156-5, system: 'http://loinc.org', display: Body height}
    text: BMI
    type: decimal
    linkId: bmi
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-calculatedExpression
      value:
        Expression:
          language: text/fhirpath
          expression: "%resource.repeat(item).where(linkId='weight').answer.value.value / \n%resource.repeat(item).where(linkId='height').answer.value.value.power(2)"
    - url: http://aidbox.io/questionnaire-itemColumnSize
      value: {integer: 4}
  text: Height & Weight
  type: group
  linkId: hZsHDBA2
- item:
  - text: (id)
    type: string
    linkId: id
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-initialExpression
      value:
        Expression: {language: text/fhirpath, expression: '%allergies.id'}
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-hidden
      value: {boolean: true}
    definition: AllergyIntolerance.id
  - text: (pt. reference)
    type: reference
    linkId: reference
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-hidden
      value: {boolean: true}
    - {url: 'http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-referenceResource'}
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-calculatedExpression
      value:
        Expression: {language: text/fhirpath, expression: '%resource.subject'}
    definition: AllergyIntolerance.patient
  - text: Status
    type: choice
    linkId: FmqK7esk
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-initialExpression
      value:
        Expression: {language: text/fhirpath, expression: '%allergies.clinicalStatus.coding.first()'}
    definition: AllergyIntolerance.clinicalStatus.coding
    answerOption:
    - value:
        Coding: {code: active, system: 'http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/allergyintolerance-clinical', display: Active}
    - value:
        Coding: {code: inactive, system: 'http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/allergyintolerance-clinical', display: Inactive}
    - value:
        Coding: {code: resolved, system: 'http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/allergyintolerance-clinical', display: Resolved}
  - text: Category
    type: choice
    linkId: RZsAnKZH
    extension:
    - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-initialExpression
      value:
        Expression: {language: text/fhirpath, expression: '%qitem.answerOption.valueCoding.where(code=%allergies.category)'}
    definition: AllergyIntolerance.category
    answerOption:
    - value:
        Coding: {code: food, system: 'http://hl7.org/fhir/allergy-intolerance-category', display: Food}
    - value:
        Coding: {code: medication, system: 'http://hl7.org/fhir/allergy-intolerance-category', display: Medication}
    - value:
        Coding: {code: environment, system: 'http://hl7.org/fhir/allergy-intolerance-category', display: Environment}
    - value:
        Coding: {code: biologic, system: 'http://hl7.org/fhir/allergy-intolerance-category', display: Biologic}
  text: Allergies
  type: group
  linkId: allergies
  repeats: true
  extension:
  - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-itemControl
    value:
      CodeableConcept:
        coding:
        - {code: gtable}
  - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-itemPopulationContext
    value:
      Expression: {name: allergies, language: application/x-fhir-query, expression: '/AllergyIntolerance?.patient.id={{%subject.id}}'}
  - url: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-itemExtractionContext
    value:
      Expression: {language: application/x-fhir-query, expression: '/AllergyIntolerance?.patient.id={{%resource.subject.id}}'}
title: Patient Info
status: draft
id: patient-info
resourceType: Questionnaire
meta: {lastUpdated: '2024-06-27T13:48:49.177920Z', createdAt: '2024-06-27T13:48:49.177920Z', versionId: '191'}

3. Populate Questionnaire

Now, we are ready to see how to populate Questionnaire with existing data. Let's call $populate operation to get QuestionnarieResponse with prefilled items:

  • general patient info items were filled from Patient resource
  • width and height items were filled from Observation resources
  • allergies info was populated from AllergyIntolerance resource
REST Send Cells run only inside Aidbox. Use Run in Aidbox above to open this notebook in your own instance. 
POST /Questionnaire/patient-info/$populate
content-type: application/yaml

resourceType: Parameters
parameter: 
  - name: subject
    value: 
      Reference:
        id: john
        resourceType: Patient
Response: Body
Status: 200 
resourceType: Parameters
parameter:
- name: response
  resource:
    resourceType: QuestionnaireResponse
    questionnaire: http://forms.aidbox.io/questionnaire/patient-test-form
    status: in-progress
    subject: {id: john, resourceType: Patient}
    item:
    - linkId: general
      text: General
      item:
      - linkId: given
        text: Given
        answer:
        - {valueString: Morgan}
      - linkId: 9FwYzNVk
        text: Family
        answer:
        - {valueString: James}
      - linkId: birthDate
        text: Date
        answer:
        - {valueDate: '1996-12-05'}
    - linkId: hZsHDBA2
      text: Height & Weight
      item:
      - linkId: height
        text: Height
        answer:
        - valueQuantity: {unit: m, value: 1.78}
      - linkId: weight
        text: Weight
        answer:
        - valueQuantity: {unit: kg, value: 105}
      - {linkId: bmi, text: BMI}
    - linkId: allergies
      text: Allergies
      item:
      - linkId: id
        text: (id)
        answer:
        - {valueString: f6a8ef20-735b-47eb-b8dc-b5cefc1db676}
      - {linkId: reference, text: (pt. reference)}
      - linkId: FmqK7esk
        text: Status
        answer:
        - valueCoding: {code: active, system: 'http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/allergyintolerance-clinical', display: Active}
      - linkId: RZsAnKZH
        text: Category
        answer:
        - valueCoding: {code: food, system: 'http://hl7.org/fhir/allergy-intolerance-category', display: Food}

4. Extraction

When form is filled, we want to extract some info into new resources or update existing ones. Here we send our filled QuestionnarieResponse to $extract operation to get Bundle.

REST Send Cells run only inside Aidbox. Use Run in Aidbox above to open this notebook in your own instance. 
POST /QuestionnaireResponse/$extract
content-type: application/yaml

resourceType: Parameters
parameter:
- name: questionnaire-response
  resource:
    item:
    - item:
      - text: Given
        answer:
        - value:
            string: Jane
        linkId: given
      - text: Family
        answer:
        - value:
            string: Doe
        linkId: 9FwYzNVk
      - text: Date
        answer:
        - value:
            date: '2003-08-11'
        linkId: birthDate
      text: General
      linkId: general
    - item:
      - text: Height
        answer:
        - value:
            Quantity:
              unit: m
              value: 1.56
        linkId: height
      - text: Weight
        answer:
        - value:
            Quantity:
              unit: kg
              value: 50
        linkId: weight
      - text: BMI
        answer:
        - value:
            decimal: 20.5456936226167
        linkId: bmi
      text: Height & Weight
      linkId: hZsHDBA2
    - item:
      - text: (pt. reference)
        answer:
        - value:
            Reference:
              id: john
              resourceType: Patient
        linkId: reference
      - text: Status
        answer:
        - value:
            Coding:
              code: active
              system: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/allergyintolerance-clinical
              display: Active
        linkId: FmqK7esk
      - text: Category
        answer:
        - value:
            Coding:
              code: medication
              system: http://hl7.org/fhir/allergy-intolerance-category
              display: Medication
        linkId: RZsAnKZH
      text: Allergies
      linkId: allergies
    - item:
      - text: (pt. reference)
        answer:
        - value:
            Reference:
              id: john
              resourceType: Patient
        linkId: reference
      - text: Status
        answer:
        - value:
            Coding:
              code: active
              system: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/allergyintolerance-clinical
              display: Active
        linkId: FmqK7esk
      - text: Category
        answer:
        - value:
            Coding:
              code: food
              system: http://hl7.org/fhir/allergy-intolerance-category
              display: Food
        linkId: RZsAnKZH
      text: Allergies
      linkId: allergies
    status: completed
    subject:
      id: john
      resourceType: Patient
    authored: '2024-06-27T13:59:19.317Z'
    questionnaire: http://forms.aidbox.io/questionnaire/patient-test-form
    resourceType: QuestionnaireResponse
Response: Body
Status: 200 
resourceType: Parameters
parameter:
- name: return
  resource:
    resourceType: Bundle
    type: transaction
    entry:
    - resource:
        name:
        - given: [Jane]
          family: Doe
        birthDate: '2003-08-11'
        id: john
        resourceType: Patient
      request: {method: PUT, url: /Patient/john}
    - resource:
        resourceType: Observation
        status: final
        code:
          coding:
          - {code: 8302-2, system: 'http://loinc.org', display: Body height}
        subject: {id: john, resourceType: Patient}
        value:
          Quantity: {unit: m, value: 1.56}
        encounter: {}
        effective: {dateTime: '2024-06-27T13:59:19.317Z'}
        id: cf76156a-b7a9-4693-ba67-e14988a74412
      request: {method: POST, url: /Observation}
    - resource:
        resourceType: Observation
        status: final
        code:
          coding:
          - {code: 29463-7, system: 'http://loinc.org', display: Body height}
        subject: {id: john, resourceType: Patient}
        value:
          Quantity: {unit: kg, value: 50}
        encounter: {}
        effective: {dateTime: '2024-06-27T13:59:19.317Z'}
        id: 387963a9-fb3f-42b2-b711-b20bfc69e19b
      request: {method: POST, url: /Observation}
    - resource:
        patient: {id: john, resourceType: Patient}
        category: [medication]
        clinicalStatus:
          coding:
          - {code: active, system: 'http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/allergyintolerance-clinical', display: Active}
        id: f6a8ef20-735b-47eb-b8dc-b5cefc1db676
        resourceType: AllergyIntolerance
      request: {method: PUT, url: /AllergyIntolerance/f6a8ef20-735b-47eb-b8dc-b5cefc1db676}
    - resource:
        resourceType: AllergyIntolerance
        patient: {id: john, resourceType: Patient}
        clinicalStatus:
          coding:
          - {code: active, system: 'http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/allergyintolerance-clinical', display: Active}
        category: [food]
        id: b66c832c-2469-466c-80d0-86918672a9a0
      request: {method: POST, url: /AllergyIntolerance}
- name: issues
  resource:
    resourceType: OperationOutcome
    issues:
    - {severity: warning, code: value, expression: QuestionnaireResponse.id, diagnostics: Provenance cannot be created due to lack id information}
    - {severity: warning, code: value, expression: QuestionnaireResponse.author, diagnostics: Provenance cannot be created due to lack of author information}

Final

As you see, with Aidbox forms you can create forms that can be prefilled with existing data and after capturing needed data you can update or create any FHIR resources.