Vital Signs

Datasets

US Core 6.1.0 maps each USCDI data element onto a FHIR element.

Dataset	US Core 6.1.0 target profile(s)
`vital_signs`	US Core Vital Signs, US Core Blood Pressure

vital_signs

One row per measurement, except blood pressure: systolic and diastolic are two components of a single reading, so they share a row.

Column	Required	Format / values	Example
`patient_identifier`	Yes	patient key	`MRN-4471903`
`status`	Yes	`registered`, `preliminary`, `final`, `amended`, `corrected`, `cancelled`, `entered-in-error`, `unknown` observation-status	`final`
`loinc_code`	Yes	one of the vital sign codes below US Core Vital Signs	`8867-4`
`effective_datetime`	Yes	datetime	`2026-04-18T09:05:00-04:00`
`value`	Unless blood pressure	decimal	`72`
`unit`	With `value`	UCUM	`/min`
`component_systolic`	Blood pressure only	decimal	`128`
`component_diastolic`	Blood pressure only	decimal	`82`
`encounter_id`	If applicable	`encounters` key	`ENC-9912`
`performer_npi`	If available	10 digits	`1407006835`

effective_datetime is required here, unlike every other observation in the feed. A vital sign without a time is not a conformant reading.
A quantitative vital needs both value and unit, and the unit must be UCUM. /min for heart and respiratory rate, cm for height, kg for weight, Cel for temperature, % for oxygen saturation, kg/m2 for BMI.
Blood pressure is the exception: leave value and unit empty and send component_systolic and component_diastolic on the same row with loinc_code 85354-9. Both components are required, so a row with only one is rejected.
Payerbox sets the vital-signs category on every row.

Vital sign codes

LOINC	Measurement	Unit
`85354-9`	Blood pressure panel	components, no unit
`8480-6`	Systolic blood pressure	`mm[Hg]`
`8462-4`	Diastolic blood pressure	`mm[Hg]`
`8867-4`	Heart rate	`/min`
`9279-1`	Respiratory rate	`/min`
`8310-5`	Body temperature	`Cel`
`8302-2`	Body height	`cm`
`29463-7`	Body weight	`kg`
`39156-5`	Body mass index	`kg/m2`
`59408-5`	Oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry	`%`
`9843-4`	Head circumference	`cm`
`8289-1`	Head circumference percentile	`%`
`59576-9`	Body mass index percentile	`%`
`77606-2`	Weight for length percentile	`%`

The last four are the paediatric percentiles. The binding also accepts 2708-6, 3150-0 and 3151-8 for oxygen measures, 8478-0 for mean blood pressure, and 85353-1 for the full vital signs panel.

These resources are served by Patient Access, Provider Access, Payer-to-Payer, and Prior Auth.